Investigation of Neuroprotective and Antiparkinson’s Activity of Citrullus colocynthis Fruit

Abstract

Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad (Cucurbitaceae) is a desert watermelon that is extensively widespread around the world. Colocynth or Bitter Apple is the popular name for the fruit of C. colocynthis. Cucurbitacins, colocynthosides, and flavonoids glucosides were found in the fruit, according to reports. This herb has been used for centuries to cure diabetes, abortifacients, epilepsy, jaundice, and asthma. C. colocynthis was investigated for its anti-action Parkinson's in Wistar rats using in vivo behavioural and biochemical experiments. The block test and actophotometer were used to investigate the effects of C. colocynthis on catalepsy and mobility, respectively. In haloperidol-treated animals, the effect of C. colocynthis on dopamine levels and protective anti-oxidant enzymes such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in brain tissue were studied. The C. colocynthis considerably reduced the effects of haloperidol on vacuous chewing movements, tongue protrusion, orofacial burst, and catalepsy. When compared to haloperidol treated animals, C. colocynthis effectively restored dopamine and SOD levels in the brain while inhibiting MDA levels. The current study suggested that oxidative stress may play a key role in haloperidol induced Parkinson's activity, and C. colocynthis has promising role in management of Parkinson's disease therapy.