Journal of Drug Vigilance and Alternative Therapies

Investigation of Phytochemical, Physicochemical, Antioxidant and InVitro Antibacterial Activity of Salacia fruticosa Aerial Parts

2023-10-30T05:24:36+00:00

This study's goal was to investigate the phytochemical composition, physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant properties, and antibacterial effects of Salacia fruticosa aerial parts. Four extracts, namely aqueous, ethanolic, chloroform, and acetone, were assessed for their antioxidant potential through the DPPH radical scavenging assay. Additionally, their antibacterial activity against a range of bacterial species, including Staphylococcus lentus, Staphylococcus albus, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus lentus, Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, was determined using the agar disc diffusion method. Analysis of phytochemicals uncovered numerous active constituents, such as alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, phenols, triterpenoids, glycosides, proteins, amino acids, and saponins. Notably, the ethanolic extract exhibited the highest
antioxidant activity at 73.81% ± 1.21. Furthermore, the ethanolic extract displayed superior antibacterialactivity against all tested bacterial species with 15-29 mm inhibition zone and 62.5 µg/ml minimum inhibition concentration, followed by the aqueous, chloroform, and acetone extracts. In conclusion, the phytochemical analysis of Salacia fruticosa's ethanolic extract indicated the existence of different natural chemical components and demonstrated very impressive antioxidant and antibacterial properties.

Development and Validation of an RP-HPLC Analytical Method for Oxycodone in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms

2023-10-30T05:27:23+00:00

This research focuses on development and validation of HPLC analysis of oxycodone in pharmaceutical dosage form. A mixture of methanol:acetonitrile:water (40:40:20% v/v) at pH 4.0 was identified as the optimal choice The established technique has been validated in accordance with ICH accepted standards. Linearity and range assessments established a linear range of 50–150 µg/ml with a high correlation coefficient of 0.997. Accuracy was confirmed through recovery studies, with recoveries ranging from 97.04% to 100.83% for oxycodone. Precision was evaluated through repeatability, intra-day, and inter-day precision studies, demonstrating low relative standard deviation (RSD) values Detection sensitivity was determined by the limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), which were found to be 0.99 µg/ml and 3.01 µg/ml, respectively. The stability of standard and sample solutions was examined at room temperature for 48 hours, with a relative standard deviation below 2.0%. The determination of oxycodone in pharmaceutical dosage forms was made possible by the present validated technique, which has exceptional specificity, linearity, precision, sensitivity, and reliability

Effect of Methanolic Extract of Benincasa hispida on Cognitive Function in Experimental Animals

2023-11-10T09:38:39+00:00

The management of cognitive disorders such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease has been a significant challenge, as no drugs with established efficacy are currently available. Some nootropic drugs, likepiracetam and aniracetam, have been associated with severe adverse effects in elderly individuals. In this study, we investigated the potential nootropic properties of methanol fruit extract from Benincasa hispida using various behavioral models. Benincasa hispida was administered orally at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg daily for a duration of five weeks. For comparison, donepezil was used as the positive control at a dose of 3 mg/kg. Notably, the group receiving Benincasa hispida at a dosage of 400 mg/kg exhibited a significantlymemory enhancing effects in the Morris water maze test and passive avoidance test. Moreover, the memory-enhancing effect of Benincasa hispida at 400 mg/kg was found to be on par with that of donepezil at 3 mg/kg in the same test. These findings suggested that the methanolic extract of Benincasa hispida may serve as an effective memory-enhancing agent in the management of dementia, offering a promising avenue for further research and treatment development.

Vitamin D as an Immunomodulatory Agent in the Prophylaxis and Management of COVID-19 Infection

2023-11-10T09:40:58+00:00

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new coronavirus that has quickly spread from a small incident to a worldwide epidemic, with the emergence of new variants adding to the complexity of the situation. COVID-19, the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, can lead to multiorgan damage, and acquire a significant threat due to its highly contagious and sometimes fatal nature. In the pursuit of effective treatment strategies, the potential role of vitamin D in modifying various facets of the innate and adaptive immune systems has come under scrutiny. This review gives a summary of the current research on the relevance of vitamin D in both the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. While some conflicting findings have been reported, a consensus emerges regarding the numerous immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D, which could hold promise in the context of COVID-19. Furthermore, it is evident that low vitamin D levels may lead to impaired antimicrobial defenses, potentially contributing to unfavorable outcomes. Studies also suggest that supplementation can mitigate the effects of vitamin D deficiency, although the controversy surrounding the use of vitamin D supplements in the treatment of COVID-19 persists

The Impact of Feed Additives on Chicken Growth and Consumer Health

2023-11-22T07:15:34+00:00

Tincreasing use of feed additives to maximize chicken growth and production has emerged as a prominent trend in the dynamic world of poultry farming. The primary driving force behind this change is the requirement to supply theworld's expanding demand for chicken products in an environment where dietary tastes and population expansion are constantly reshaping the agriculture sector.1 But during chasing faster yields and more efficient production, there is a need to rethink our strategy and recognize the possible health concerns of some feed additives.